Maldek · Clinical Thinking Improvement System
Clinical Reference · Nursing Student view
Know the test before the patient does,so you can prep and teach it. Modern routine imaging, screenings, procedures, vaccines, and dental visits — organized by age band. Pick an age group to see what's typically scheduled, what happens during each study, and how to prepare, position, and teach your patient with confidence.
18–39 years · Young Adults
First chronic-disease screenings, mental health, reproductive care. 203 items match
📷 First-Trimester Ultrasound (Dating + NT) ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ 🩺 Annual Physical (Adult) ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 🩺 Diabetes & Prediabetes Screen (HbA1c) ⏱ 10 minutes ▾ 📷 Echocardiogram ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 🪡 EKG / ECG (Electrocardiogram) ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Chest X-Ray No contrast ⏱ 10 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Chest (with IV Contrast) IV contrast (iodinated) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 CTA Head & Neck ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Cardiac MRI IV contrast (gadolinium) ⏱ 1.5 hours ▾ 🪡 Electrophysiology Study + Ablation ⏱ Overnight ▾ 🪡 Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap) No contrast ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 📷 Transthoracic Echocardiogram (Echo) No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Exercise Stress Test (Treadmill ECG) No contrast ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 Nuclear Stress Test (Myocardial Perfusion SPECT) IV radiotracer (technetium/thallium) — no iodinated dye ⏱ 3–4 hours ▾ 📷 Coronary CT Angiogram (CCTA) IV contrast (iodinated) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Cardiac Catheterization / Coronary Angiogram Intra-arterial iodinated contrast ⏱ 1 hour + recovery ▾ 📷 Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) Score CT No contrast ⏱ 10 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Angiogram Chest (Aorta) IV contrast (iodinated) ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Angiogram Head & Neck IV contrast (iodinated) ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ 📷 MRA Carotid / Neck No contrast (time-of-flight) or IV gadolinium (contrast-enhanced MRA) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Carotid Duplex Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound + Doppler) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Renal Artery Doppler Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound + Doppler) ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 🪡 Transesophageal Echo (TEE) No contrast (ultrasound via a swallowed probe) ⏱ 30 min + recovery ▾ 📷 Exercise Stress Echocardiogram No contrast (± IV ultrasound-enhancing agent) ⏱ 45 min ▾ 📷 Cardiac PET (Rubidium/Ammonia) IV radiotracer (Rb-82 / N-13) — no iodinated dye ⏱ 45 min ▾ 🪡 Right Heart Catheterization (Swan-Ganz) No imaging contrast ⏱ 45 min ▾ 🪡 Electrophysiology (EP) Study No contrast ⏱ 2–3 h ▾ 📷 Tilt-Table Test No contrast ⏱ 1 h ▾ 📷 Holter / Ambulatory ECG Monitor No contrast ⏱ days ▾ 🪡 Cerebral Angiogram (DSA) Intra-arterial iodinated contrast ⏱ 2 h ▾ 📷 Transcranial Doppler (TCD) No contrast (ultrasound + Doppler) ⏱ 45 min ▾ 📷 CT Angiogram Neck (Carotid) IV contrast (iodinated) ⏱ 20 min ▾ 📷 Captopril Renogram IV radiotracer + oral captopril ⏱ 2 h ▾ Respiratory / Chest 10 items
📷 CT Pulmonary Angiogram (CTPA) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 🪡 Bronchoscopy No contrast ⏱ Half day ▾ 🪡 Thoracentesis No contrast (ultrasound-guided) ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 📷 CT Pulmonary Angiogram (CTPA) IV contrast (iodinated) ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ 🪡 CT-Guided Lung Biopsy No IV contrast (CT is used for needle guidance) ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 📷 Thoracic (Pleural) Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Pulmonary Function Test (Spirometry) No contrast ⏱ 45 min ▾ 📷 Polysomnography (Sleep Study) No contrast ⏱ overnight ▾ 📷 Chest CT (Pulmonary AVM / Hemoptysis) IV contrast (iodinated) ⏱ 20 min ▾ 📷 6-Minute Walk Test No contrast ⏱ 15 min ▾ Neurologic / Brain 12 items
💉 Japanese Encephalitis (JE) Vaccine ⏱ 5 minutes per dose ▾ 📷 CT Head (Non-Contrast) ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Brain MRI ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 📷 CT Head (Non-contrast) No contrast ⏱ 10 minutes ▾ 📷 MRI Brain No contrast for stroke (DWI); IV gadolinium added for tumor or infection ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Perfusion (Stroke) IV contrast (iodinated) ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 MR / CT Venogram (Brain) IV contrast (CT venogram) or non-contrast/gadolinium MR venogram ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Agitated-Saline Bubble Study IV agitated saline (micro-bubbles) ⏱ 10 min ▾ 📷 Electroencephalogram (EEG) No contrast ⏱ 1 h ▾ 🪡 EMG / Nerve Conduction Study No contrast ⏱ 1 h ▾ 📷 MRI Brain with Contrast IV contrast (gadolinium) ⏱ 45 min ▾ 📷 Functional MRI (fMRI) No contrast (BOLD signal) ⏱ 1 h ▾ 💉 Hepatitis A Vaccine ⏱ 5 minutes per dose ▾ 💉 Hepatitis B Vaccine (Adult) ⏱ 5 minutes per dose ▾ 📷 Abdominal X-Ray (KUB) ⏱ 10 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Abdomen & Pelvis (with IV Contrast) ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Abdomen & Pelvis (Non-Contrast) ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Abdominal Ultrasound ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 Pelvic Ultrasound (Transabdominal) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Abdomen & Pelvis MRI ⏱ 1.5 hours ▾ 📷 MRCP (Bile Duct MRI) No contrast (heavily T2-weighted); ± secretin ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 🪡 Liver Biopsy ⏱ Half day ▾ 🪡 Upper Endoscopy (EGD) ⏱ Half day ▾ 🪡 ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography) Iodinated contrast injected into the bile/pancreatic ducts ⏱ Overnight observation ▾ 📷 CT Abdomen/Pelvis with Contrast IV + oral (PO) contrast ⏱ 1.5 hours ▾ 📷 HIDA Scan (Cholescintigraphy) IV radiotracer (no iodinated dye) ⏱ up to 4 hours ▾ 🪡 Upper Endoscopy (EGD) No contrast ⏱ 30 minutes + recovery ▾ 📷 Barium Swallow / Upper GI Series Oral (PO) barium contrast ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Abdominal Ultrasound (Complete) No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 30 min ▾ 📷 Liver Elastography (FibroScan) No contrast (ultrasound-based stiffness) ⏱ 15 min ▾ 🪡 Capsule Endoscopy No contrast ⏱ 8 h wear ▾ 📷 KUB X-ray (Abdomen Flat Plate) No contrast ⏱ 10 min ▾ 📷 Transabdominal Pelvic Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 20 min ▾ 📷 CT Sinus (Surgical Navigation Protocol) No contrast ⏱ 15 min ▾ Renal / Genitourinary 18 items
🩺 STD / STI Screening ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Kidney Stone Protocol (Non-Contrast) ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Renal Ultrasound ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Testicular / Scrotal Ultrasound ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 🪡 Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) ⏱ 2 hours including recovery ▾ 🪡 Ureteroscopy with Laser Lithotripsy ⏱ 3 hours including recovery ▾ 🪡 Cystoscopy No contrast ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 🪡 Renal Biopsy No IV contrast (ultrasound-guided) ⏱ Overnight observation usually ▾ 📷 MRI Spine No contrast (± IV gadolinium for infection, tumor, or post-op) ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Urogram IV contrast (iodinated) with an excretory (delayed) phase ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Renal Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 CT KUB (Non-contrast Stone Protocol) No contrast ⏱ 10 minutes ▾ 📷 MAG3 Renal Scan (Nuclear) IV radiotracer (± IV Lasix) ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 Adrenal CT (Washout Protocol) Non-contrast + delayed IV-contrast washout phases ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Bladder Scan (Post-Void Residual) No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 5 min ▾ 🪡 Retrograde Pyelogram Contrast injected retrograde up the ureter (cystoscopically) ⏱ 30 min ▾ 📷 CT Cystogram Contrast instilled into the bladder via catheter + CT ⏱ 20 min ▾ 🪡 Urodynamic Study No contrast (± fluoroscopy for video-urodynamics) ⏱ 45 min ▾ Women's Health / OB 18 items
💉 Tdap / Td Booster ⏱ 5 minutes ▾ 💉 Maternal RSV Vaccine ⏱ 5 minutes ▾ 💉 HPV Vaccine Series ⏱ 10 minutes ▾ 🩺 Pap Smear + HPV Co-Test ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVUS) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Breast Ultrasound ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Obstetric Ultrasound (Pregnancy) ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 Spine MRI (Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar) ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 📷 Breast MRI IV contrast (gadolinium) ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 🪡 Endometrial Biopsy No contrast ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 🪡 Dilation & Curettage (D&C) ⏱ 2 hours including recovery ▾ 🪡 Hysteroscopy ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 🪡 Breast Biopsy (Core Needle / Stereotactic) ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 📷 V/Q Scan (Ventilation–Perfusion) Inhaled + IV radiotracer (no iodinated dye) ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 Breast Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Transvaginal / Pelvic Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Hysterosalpingogram (HSG) Iodinated contrast instilled through the cervix ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Saline Infusion Sonohysterogram Sterile saline instilled into the uterine cavity ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ Musculoskeletal / Bone 23 items
📷 Extremity X-Ray (Hand, Wrist, Knee, Ankle, Foot) ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Spine X-Ray (C-Spine, T-Spine, L-Spine) ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Knee MRI ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 Shoulder MRI ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 🪡 Joint Injection (Corticosteroid / Hyaluronic Acid) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 X-ray (Plain Film) No contrast ⏱ 10 minutes ▾ 📷 MRI Joint (Knee / Shoulder) No contrast (± IV gadolinium or MR arthrogram for subtle labral tears) ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 CT (Complex Fracture / Bone Detail) No contrast ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Bone Scan (Nuclear) IV radiotracer (technetium) ⏱ half day ▾ 📷 Musculoskeletal Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 MR Arthrogram Intra-articular contrast (gadolinium injected into the joint) ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 🪡 Arthrocentesis (Joint Aspiration) No contrast (often ultrasound-guided) ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Orbital CT No contrast (IV contrast added if infection or mass suspected) ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Facial Bones / Maxillofacial No contrast ⏱ 15 min ▾ 🪡 CT Myelogram Intrathecal iodinated contrast (via LP) + CT ⏱ 1 h ▾ 📷 CT Arthrogram Intra-articular iodinated contrast + CT ⏱ 45 min ▾ 📷 Stress-View X-ray No contrast ⏱ 15 min ▾ 📷 Flexion-Extension Spine X-ray No contrast ⏱ 15 min ▾ 📷 Hand X-ray (Rheumatoid pattern) No contrast ⏱ 10 min ▾ 🪡 US-Guided Joint/Tendon Injection No contrast (ultrasound guidance) ⏱ 15 min ▾ 📷 3D CT Reconstruction (Pre-op) No contrast ⏱ 15 min ▾ 📷 MRI for Stress Fracture / Marrow Edema No contrast ⏱ 30 min ▾ 📷 DEXA Body Composition No contrast ⏱ 15 min ▾ Endocrine / Metabolic 12 items
📷 Thyroid Ultrasound ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 🪡 Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA) ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 Thyroid Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ 📷 Thyroid Uptake & Scan (I-123) Oral/IV radiotracer (radioactive iodine or technetium) ⏱ spread over a day ▾ 📷 Parathyroid Sestamibi Scan IV radiotracer (sestamibi) ⏱ 2–3 hours ▾ 📷 Pituitary MRI IV contrast (gadolinium, dynamic) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 🪡 Thyroid FNA (Ultrasound-Guided) No contrast (ultrasound-guided) ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ 📷 Fluorescein Angiography (Retina) IV fluorescein dye ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Gastric Emptying Study Oral radiotracer (in a labeled meal) ⏱ 4 h ▾ 📷 Orbital MRI IV contrast (gadolinium) ⏱ 45 min ▾ 📷 OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) No contrast (light-based) ⏱ 15 min ▾ 📷 Fundus Photography No contrast (± later fluorescein) ⏱ 15 min ▾ 🦷 Panoramic Dental X-Ray ⏱ 10 minutes ▾ 🪡 Skin Biopsy (Punch, Shave, Excisional) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 🪡 Bone Marrow Biopsy + Aspirate ⏱ 1 hour ▾ 📷 DOTATATE PET/CT (Neuroendocrine) IV radiotracer (Ga-68 DOTATATE) ± CT contrast ⏱ 2 hours ▾ 📷 CT Head with Contrast IV contrast (iodinated) ⏱ 15 min ▾ 📷 Ocular B-scan (Repeat) No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 10 min ▾ Eyes · Ears · Dental 6 items
📷 CT Temporal Bone No contrast ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 MRI Internal Auditory Canal (IAC) IV contrast (gadolinium) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Ocular Ultrasound (B-scan) No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Corneal Topography No contrast (light-based) ⏱ 10 min ▾ 📷 CT IAC / Temporal Bone (Implant Planning) No contrast ⏱ 15 min ▾ 📷 Dacryocystogram (Tear Duct) Contrast instilled into the tear duct ⏱ 20 min ▾ 🩺 Full-Body Skin Exam ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ General & Preventive 42 items
💉 MMR (Measles · Mumps · Rubella) ⏱ 5 minutes ▾ 💉 Varicella (Chickenpox) ⏱ 5 minutes ▾ 💉 MenACWY (Meningococcal A · C · W · Y) ⏱ 5 minutes per dose ▾ 💉 MenB (Meningococcal B) ⏱ 5 minutes per dose ▾ 💉 Flu Shot (Annual Influenza Vaccine) ⏱ 5 minutes ▾ 💉 COVID-19 Vaccine ⏱ 5 minutes ▾ 💉 Mpox Vaccine (JYNNEOS) ⏱ 10 minutes per visit ▾ 💉 Tetanus Booster After a Wound ⏱ 5 minutes ▾ 💉 Yellow Fever Vaccine ⏱ 30 minutes (counseling + shot) ▾ 💉 Typhoid Vaccine ⏱ 10 minutes ▾ 💉 Rabies Pre-Exposure Vaccine ⏱ 5 minutes per dose ▾ 💉 Rabies Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) ⏱ 30 minutes first visit, 10 minutes each follow-up ▾ 💉 Anthrax Vaccine (Occupational) ⏱ 10 minutes per visit ▾ 💉 Smallpox / Mpox Stockpile Vaccines ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 🩺 Adolescent Depression Screening ⏱ 10 minutes ▾ 🪡 IUD / Implant Insertion ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Sinus No contrast ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 Lower Extremity Venous Doppler (DVT Study) ⏱ 45 minutes ▾ 📷 High-Resolution CT Chest (HRCT) No contrast ⏱ 15 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Enterography IV + large-volume neutral oral contrast ⏱ 1.5 hours ▾ 📷 Right Upper Quadrant Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 30 minutes ▾ 📷 Scrotal Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound + Doppler) ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ 📷 CT Neck with Contrast IV contrast (iodinated) ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ 📷 Neck Soft-Tissue Ultrasound No contrast (ultrasound) ⏱ 20 minutes ▾ 📷 Dobutamine Stress Echo IV dobutamine (± IV ultrasound-enhancing agent) — no iodinated dye ⏱ 45 min ▾ 📷 Venous Duplex Ultrasound (Legs) No contrast (ultrasound + compression) ⏱ 30 min ▾ 🪡 Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) No contrast ⏱ 5 min ▾ 📷 Fluoroscopic Sniff Test (Diaphragm) No contrast ⏱ 10 min ▾ 📷 Peak Expiratory Flow Monitoring No contrast ⏱ 2 min ▾ 📷 MR / Fluoroscopic Defecography Rectal contrast paste (± vaginal/oral) — no IV ⏱ 30 min ▾ 🪡 Esophageal Manometry No contrast ⏱ 45 min ▾ 🪡 24-Hour pH / Impedance Monitoring No contrast ⏱ 24 h ▾ 📷 MR Urogram IV contrast (gadolinium) — radiation-free ⏱ 45 min ▾ 📷 Pelvic MRI (Female) IV contrast (gadolinium) ⏱ 45 min ▾ 📷 SPECT/CT Bone IV radiotracer + low-dose CT ⏱ half day ▾ 📷 Scanogram (Leg-Length X-ray) No contrast ⏱ 10 min ▾ 📷 OctreoScan (Somatostatin SPECT) IV radiotracer (In-111 octreotide) ⏱ over 1–2 days ▾ 📷 MIBG Scan IV radiotracer (I-123 MIBG) ⏱ over 1–2 days ▾ 📷 Salivary Gland Scintigraphy IV radiotracer (pertechnetate) ⏱ 1 h ▾ 📷 CT Neck Soft Tissue (Airway) IV contrast (iodinated) ⏱ 15 min ▾ 🪡 Flexible Nasolaryngoscopy No contrast ⏱ 10 min ▾ 📷 Sialogram Contrast injected into a salivary duct ⏱ 30 min ▾ Reading this isn't a substitute for medical advice
These are the procedures the major guideline bodies (USPSTF, AAP, ACOG, ACS, CDC, ACC/AHA) recommend for routine screening. Your clinician may order different things based on your personal risk, family history, or symptoms. The point of this page is to walk you into the room knowing what to expect — not to skip the appointment.
⚡ Live engine · 296 pre-loaded routine procedures + AI synthesis for anything not pre-loaded · sourced from 2020–2024 USPSTF, CDC ACIP, AAP, ACOG, ACC/AHA guidelines.
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Adapted with permission from the Clinical Reasoning Loop™, part of the Think Like a Provider™ Clinical Reasoning System by Jennawè Whitley, APRN, FNP-BC, NP-C. © Capital Covenant Enterprise LLC.
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